Basic Question About Windows Updates

The updates are labeled differently because some are actually Windows operating system updates, those are labeled Important and the ones labeled Optional are actually Microsoft updates, which generally have to do with other Microsoft programs, Office are the most common.
For me, if I have the program then I take the updates. For instance I always take updates for my Office program because some of those can have security exploits that are patched with these updates.
I notice that you do not have a checkmark to apply the Net. Framework update. One thing to consider; though these usually ARE optional
 it should be noted they might be prerequisites for future software installations. But the choice of course is yours.

Sometimes they also offer hardware driver updates for keyboards or mice which also are labeled Optional. It is those I never take, I look for updates to my hardware from the manufacturer of the hardware, not the general drivers from Microsoft.

If you were just offered these updates they ARE the Patch Tuesday updates. Please note your print screen say "Published" Yesterday. 





Microsoft’s Jan. 2018 Patch Tuesday Lowdown

Odd though that you say you were offered one for AMD. That does not show AND Microsoft Pulled the AMD updates.
According to the above link:

You were wise to hide it.